Application of Feed Grade Bile Acids in Dog and Cat Diets     

饲料级胆汁酸在犬猫日粮中的应用特点

1. Improve lipid digestive function of the puppy and kitten, improve intestinal health, enhance their immunity, reduce diarrhea and stress by change diets.

改善幼犬和幼猫脂质消化机能，改善肠道健康，增强幼犬和幼猫的免疫力，减少腹泻和换粮应激。

The digestive organs of pups and young cats are not fully developed, the imperfect digestive function, the weak disease resistance and the weak fatty digestion easily cause diarrhea,vomiting etc. The dyspepsia problem of pups is more acute, because dogs have short and single digestive tracts, but they also like to eat meat that contains more fat. Bile acids added in the dogs and cats feed can accelerate intestinal lipid emulsion, activation of lipase, thus improving puppies and kittens digestion and absorption of fat, especially of the high saturated fatty acid, so to improve the digestive ability of puppies and kittens, enhance immunity, improve daily gain, reduce diarrhea, improve mental state.

幼犬和幼猫消化器官还没有完全发育、消化功能不完善、抗病能力弱，对脂肪的消化不利容易导致腹泻、呕吐等。而幼犬消化不良问题更为突出，因为犬具有短而单一的消化道，但又喜欢食用肉类含脂肪较多的食品。在犬猫饲料中添加胆汁酸可以加速小肠内脂质的乳化、活化脂肪酶，从而改善幼犬和幼猫对脂肪尤其是高饱和脂肪酸的消化吸收，由此改善幼犬和幼猫的消化能力、增强免疫力、提高日增重、减少腹泻、改善精神状态。

2.Promote the absorption and utilization of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in dogs and cats, improve the hair and skin health of dogs and cats.

促进犬猫对多不饱和脂肪酸和脂溶性维生素的吸收利用，改善犬猫毛发和皮肤健康状况。

There is a significant correlation between the improvement of dog hair and skin and the addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids.The deficiency of unsaturated fatty acids in dogs and cats can lead to symptoms such as dry skin and dandruff, affecting the health of their fur. Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency can also cause the fur stunted growth, gray fur, dry and scaly skin, back hair growth is bad and other symptoms which cause serious growth hindered or even bigger mortality. Fat is the solvent of fat-soluble vitamins, which can promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. The supplement of bile acids in dog& cat diets can promote its absorption and utilization of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins and improve its fur condition.

犬猫毛发与皮肤的改善与多不饱和脂肪酸的添加有显著的相关性。犬猫不饱和脂肪酸缺乏，会出现皮肤干燥和脱屑等症状，影响其皮毛的健康状况。犬猫脂溶性维生素缺乏也会引起其皮毛生长发育不良，出现毛色灰暗、皮肤呈干鳞片状、被毛生长不好等症状，严重的导致生长发育受阻甚至使死亡率增加。脂肪是脂溶性维生素的溶剂，能促进脂溶性维生素的吸收。在犬猫日粮中添加胆汁酸可以促进其对多不饱和脂肪酸和脂溶性维生素的吸收利用，改善其皮毛状况。

3. Improve the anti-stress ability of dogs and cats and reduce the body injury caused by the stress.

提高犬猫抗应激能力，减少应激对犬猫机体的损伤。

When external factors change, such as air temperature, the change of environmental factors can make happened some stress reactions of the dogs and cats in the usual breeding, or the body's internal environment change in dogs and cats can also cause stress. For dogs, due to the difficulty of heat dissipation, in summer, most of our country is in high temperature and high humidity, and the dog is susceptible to severe heat stress. Bile acid can improve the body anti-stress ability, improve the activity of SOD, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, remove free radicals and ensure the body health. Also can reduce the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) in dog serum, promote the secretion of thyroid hormone dogs, improve the dogs and cats to metabolism, relieve the body symptoms of digestive metabolic disorder, protect the body on the immune , so as to improve the body's anti-stress ability to, reduce the adverse impact caused by stress on the dogs and cats.

当外部因素改变时，比如气温、环境因素的改变会使犬猫在平时的饲养中产生一些应激的反应，或者是犬猫机体内部环境改变也会引起应激。对犬来说，由于犬体散热困难，在夏季，我国大部分地区属高温高湿状态，犬体易遭受严重的热应激。胆汁酸能提高机体抗应激能力，提高SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性，清除自由基，保证机体健康；还可降低犬血清中的促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇激素（COR），促进犬甲状腺素的分泌，改善犬猫机体代谢、缓解机体消化代谢紊乱的症状，对机体进行免疫保护，从而提高机体抗应激能力，降低应激对犬猫造成的不利影响。

4. Reduce the excessive accumulation of fat in dogs and cats, control dog and cat weight, and prevent dog and cat obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipoidemia and so on.

降低犬猫体内脂肪的过度沉积，控制犬猫体重，预防犬猫肥胖症及脂肪肝、高脂血症等。

Obesity is the cause of many diseases, such as fatty liver, arthritis, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Excessive cholesterol is an important cause of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. Supplement of bile acids in the diet formula is an important method to prevent the occurrence of obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis. Bile acid can promote the body's absorption of unsaturated fatty acids, the unsaturated fatty acid can reduce the absorption of cholesterol in the gut, reduce the deposition of cholesterol in the blood vessel walls, and can inhibit thrombosis.

肥胖是导致犬猫发生多种疾病的原因，如脂肪肝、关节炎、高脂血症、糖尿病等。而过多的胆固醇是引起动脉粥样硬化等心脑血管疾病的重要原因。在日粮配方中添加促进脂类和胆固醇消化的胆汁酸，是预防犬猫肥胖症、脂肪肝、高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化等疾病发生的重要方法。胆汁酸可促进机体对不饱和脂肪酸的吸收，而不饱和脂肪酸可降低胆固醇在肠道的吸收，减少胆固醇在血管壁中的沉积，并可抑制血栓形成。

5. Promote the dissolution of cholesterol and control the gallstones.

促进胆固醇溶解，防治犬猫胆结石。

Cholesterol is difficult to dissolve in water and must be mixed with lecithin-bile acid salt micro-regiment, which allows cholesterol to be transported to the small intestine through the bile duct without precipitating out. The solubility of cholesterol in bile is associated with the relative proportion of bile salts, lecithin and cholesterol. If the ratio of bile acid and lecithin to cholesterol is decreased, the cholesterol can be oversaturated and precipitated to be gallstone in crystalline form. Chenodesoxycholic acid can dissolve cholesterol calculi to be clinically commonly used to treat cholesterol stone.

胆固醇难溶于水，须掺入卵磷脂-胆汁酸盐微团中，使胆固醇通过胆道运送到小肠而不致析出。胆汁中胆固醇的溶解度与胆汁酸盐，卵磷脂与胆固醇的相对比例有关。如胆汁酸及卵磷脂与胆固醇的比值降低，则可使胆固醇过饱和而以结晶形式析出形成胆石。鹅脱氧胆酸可使胆固醇结石溶解，临床常用来治疗胆固醇结石等。